Four cartes-de-visites, as below

Saint Paul: J. E. Whitney, 1860. All are albumen prints, all approx. 4" x 2½", condition is generally fine. Joel Emmons Whitney (1822-1886) of Whitney's Gallery in St. Paul, Minnesota, photographed from 1851 to 1871. Born in Maine, "Whitney was the first photographer in St. Paul, and began working first with daguerreotypes and then as a wet plate photographer. During the early years of the Civil War, Whitney photographed many Minnesota volunteers and also sold cartes de visite of Minnesota Indians. After the Sioux Uprising, there was great public demand for photographs of the principal participants and Whitney made available many of his images of the Dakota as well as of the soldiers who suppressed the Uprising. He is considered one of the most eminent early photographers in the United States" (Massachusetts Histortical Society). Cut Nose, who in the Massacre of 1862 in Minnesota murdered 18 women and children, and 5 men, 1862. Whitney Catalog of Cartes de Visite, no. 13. Little Crow, a Sioux chief and leader of the Indfian massacre of 1862, in Minnesota, 1862. Whitney Catalog of Cartes de Visite, no. 8. Po-Go-Nay - Ke - Shick (Hole in the Day.) The celebrated Chippewa chief, n.d. Whitney Catalog of Cartes de Visite, no. 59. U-Se-Do-Ha. A Sioux belle, n.d. Whitney Catalog of Cartes de Visite, no. 42.